Kia Forte: Suspension System

Kia Forte 2019-2024 (BD) Service Manual / Suspension System

Service data

Service Data

Front Suspension

Item	Specification
Suspension type	Macpherson Strut
Shock absorber type	Advanced Valve

Rear Suspension - Couple Torsion Beam Axle

Item	Specification
Suspension type	Couple Torsion Beam Axle
Shock absorber type	Advanced Valve

Rear Suspension - Multi link

Item	Specification
Suspension type	Multi link
Shock absorber type	Advanced Valve

Wheel & Tire

Item		Specification
		Front	Rear
Aluminum wheel	16 inch	6.5J x 16
	17 inch	7.0J x 17
	18 inch	7.5J x 18
Steel wheel	15 inch	6.0J x 15
	16 inch	6.5 x 16
Tire	15 inch	195/65 R15
	16 inch	205/55 R16
	17 inch	225/45 R17
	18 inch	225/40 R18
	Spare tire	T125/80 D15
		T125/80 D16
Tire Pressure kPa (psi)	195/65 R15	230 (33)	230 (33)
	205/55 R16	230 (33)	230 (33)
	205/60 R16	230 (33)	230 (33)
	225/45 R17	230 (33)	230 (33)
	225/40 R18	240 (35)	240 (35)
	T125/80 D15	420 (60)	420 (60)
	T125/80 D16	420 (60)	420 (60)

Wheel Alignment - Couple Torsion Beam Axle

Item		Specification
Item		Front	Rear
Toe-in (Total)	Australia	0.1° ± 0.2°	0.30° ± 0.3°
	General / Middle East / Europe / Russia / South America		0.24° ± 0.3°
	Brazil / Mexico		0.22° ± 0.3°
Toe-in (Individual)	Australia	0.05° ± 0.1°	0.15° ± 0.15°
	General / Middle East / Europe / Russia / South America		0.12° ± 0.15°
	Brazil / Mexico		0.11° ± 0.15°
Camber angle	Australia	-0.5° ± 0.5°	-1.2° ± 0.5°
	General / Middle East / Europe / Russia / South America	-0.38° ± 0.5°
	Brazil / Mexico	-0.31° ± 0.5°
Caster angle		4.5° ± 0.5°	-
King-pin angle		14.0° ± 0.5°	-
Ride height	Australia	375 ± 10mm (14.7638 ± 0.3937 in.)	376 ± 10mm (14.8032 ± 0.3937 in.)
	General / Middle East / Europe / Russia / South America	385 ± 10mm (15.1575 ± 0.3937 in.)	386 ± 10mm (15.1969 ± 0.3937 in.)
	Brazil / Mexico	390 ± 10mm (15.3543 ± 0.3937 in.)	391 ± 10mm (15.3937 ± 0.3937 in.)

Wheel Alignment - Multi link

Item		Specification
		Front	Rear
Toe-in (Total)	Australia	0.1° ± 0.2°	0.30° ± 0.3°
	General / Middle East / Europe / South America		0.24° ± 0.3°
	Mexico		0.22° ± 0.3°
Toe-in (Individual)	Australia	0.05° ± 0.1°	0.15° ± 0.15°
	General / Middle East / Europe / South America		0.12° ± 0.15°
	Mexico		0.11° ± 0.15°
Camber angle	Australia	-0.5° ± 0.5°	-1.2° ± 0.5°
	General / Middle East / Europe / South America	-0.38° ± 0.5°
	Mexico
Caster angle		4.5° ± 0.5°	-
King-pin angle		14.0° ± 0.5°	-
Ride height	Australia	365 ± 10mm (14.3701 ± 0.3937 in.)	376 ± 10mm (14.8032 ± 0.3937 in.)
	General / Middle East / Europe / South America	385 ± 10mm (15.1575 ± 0.3937 in.)	386 ± 10mm (15.1969 ± 0.3937 in.)
	Mexico		391 ± 10mm (15.3937 ± 0.3937 in.)

Tightening torque

Tightening Torques

Front Suspension

Item	Tightening torque
Item	N·m	kgf·m	lb·ft
Tire wheel hub nuts	107.9 - 127.5	11.0 - 13.0	79.6 - 94.0
Strut assembly to knuckle	156.9 - 176.5	16.0 - 18.0	115.7 - 130.2
Strut assembly to body	53.9 - 73.5	5.5 - 7.5	39.8 - 54.2
Lower arm to sub frame (Front)	117.7 - 137.3	12.0 - 14.0	86.8 - 101.3
Lower arm to sub frame (Rear)	156.9 - 176.5	16.0 - 18.0	115.7 - 130.2
Lower arm to knuckle	58.8 - 70.6	6.0 -7.2	43.4 - 52.1
Stabilizer link to strut assembly	98.1 - 117.7	10.0 - 12.0	72.3 - 86.8
Stabilizer bar to stabilizer link	98.1 - 117.7	10.0 - 12.0	72.3 - 86.8
Stabilizer bar to sub frame	44.1 - 53.9	4.5 - 5.5	32.5 - 39.8
Tie rod end ball joint nut	34.3 - 44.1	3.5 - 4.5	25.3 - 32.5
Universal joint to pinion of steering gear	32.4 - 37.3	3.3 - 3.8	23.9 - 27.5
Steering gear box to sub frame	88.3 - 107.9	9.0 - 11.0	65.1 - 79.6
Sub frame stay mounting bolts and nuts	44.1 - 53.9	4.5 - 5.5	32.5 - 39.8
Sub frame mounting bolts and nuts	176.5 - 196.1	18.0 - 20.0	130.2 - 144.7

Rear Suspension - Couple Torsion Beam Axle

Item	Tightening torque
Item	N·m	kgf·m	lb·ft
Tire wheel hub nuts	107.9 - 127.5	11.0 - 13.0	79.6 - 94.0
Shock absorber to body	49.0 - 63.7	5.0 - 6.5	36.2 - 47.0
Shock absorber to torsion beam axle	98.1 - 117.7	10.0 - 12.0	72.3 - 86.8
Torsion beam axle to frame	156.9 - 176.5	16.0 - 18.0	115.7 - 130.2
Torsion beam axle to brake caliper	63.7 - 73.5	6.5 - 7.5	47.0 - 54.2
Wheel speed sensor cable & parking brake hose bracket	8.8 - 13.7	0.9 - 1.4	6.5 - 10.7

Rear Suspension - Multi link

Item	Tightening torque
Item	N·m	kgf·m	lb·ft
Wheel hub nuts	107.9 - 127.5	11.0 - 13.0	79.6 - 94.0
Trailing arm to body	98.1 - 117.7	10.0 -12.0	72.3 - 86.8
Trailing arm to knuckle	137.3 - 156.9	14.0 -16.0	101.3 - 115.7
Assist arm to sub frame	107.9 - 117.7	11.0 - 12.0	79.6 - 86.8
Assist arm to knuckle	137.3 - 156.9	14.0 -16.0	101.3 - 115.7
Lower arm to sub frame	107.9 - 117.7	11.0 - 12.0	79.6 - 86.8
Lower arm to knuckle	137.3 - 156.9	14.0 - 16.0	101.3 - 115.7
Upper arm to sub frame	137.3 - 156.9	14.0 - 16.0	101.3 - 115.7
Upper arm to knuckle	137.3 - 156.9	14.0 - 16.0	101.3 - 115.7
Shock absorber to frame	58.8 - 73.5	6.0 - 7.5	43.4 - 54.2
Stabilizer bar to stabilizer link	58.8 - 78.5	6.0 - 8.0	43.4 - 57.9
Stabilizer bar to sub frame	44.1 - 53.9	4.5 - 5.5	32.5 - 39.8
Cross member mounting bolt & nut	156.9 - 176.5	16.0 - 18.0	115.7 - 130.2

Special service tools

Special Service Tools

Tool Name / Number	Illustration	Description
Ball joint puller 09568-1S100		Used for removal of ball joint
Shock absorber lock nut removal tool 09546-3X100		Used for remove the shock absorber lock nut.
CTBA bush remover & installer		Used for removal and installation of CTBA bush

Troubleshooting

Symptom	Expected cause	Countermeasure
Heavy weight feeling on steering wheel	Faulty on front wheel alignment	Adjust or repair
	Over rotation resistance of lower arm ball joint	Replace
	Over rotation resistance of strut bearing	Replace
	Too low amount of Tire air pressure	Adjust
Steering wheel recovery trouble	Faulty on front wheel alignment	Adjust or repair
Noise or ride comfort trouble	Faulty on wheel alignment	Adjust or repair
	Inappropriated tire air pressure	Adjust
	Faulty function of shock absorber	Replace
	Damaged coil spring	Replace
	Damaged stabilizer	Replace
	Damaged lower arm bushing	Replace
	Stabilizer link fixing nut got loosen	Retighten
	Damaged stabilizer link (dust cover tearing, ring broke away)	Replace
Abnormal worned out of tire	Faulty wheel alignment	Adjust or repair
Abnormal worned out of tire	Inappropriated tire air pressure	Adjust
Unstable steering wheel	Front wheel alignment trouble	Adjust or repair
	Lower arm ball joint turning resistance is too small	Replace
	Damaged lower arm bushing	Replace
Vehicle pushed aside phenomenon	Wheel alignment trouble	Adjust or repair
	Unbalance of right/left tire	Adjust or replace
	Damaged or transformed lower arm bushing	Replace
	Damaged coil spring	Replace
Steering wheel juddering	Front wheel alignment trouble	Adjust or repair
	Wheel balance trouble	Adjust or repair
	Lower are ball joint turning resistance is too much or too small	Replace
	Damaged stabilizer	Replace
	Damaged lower arm bushing	Replace
	Shock absorber operating trouble	Replace
	Coil spring trouble	Replace

Strange sound type from under body by parts

Conditions for occurrence	Strange sound on uneven ground
Parts	Step bar link	Step bar bush	Lower arm ball joint	Strut insulator
Trouble area
Type of strange sound	Rattling, Creaking noise	Squeaking noise	Clunking, Knocking noise	Clicking, Creaking noise
Occurring area	Under part	Under part	Under part	Upper part
Driving speed	20 - 40 ㎞/h (12.4 - 24.9 m/h)	While low speed driving (20 - 40 ㎞/h (12.4 - 24.9 m/h))	20 - 40 ㎞/h (12.4 - 24.9 m/h)	-
Condition of road	Uneven road / bump	Uneven road / bump	Uneven road / bump	Uneven road / tough road
Reason	Loosen / leakage (teared down) / corrosion	Separation of bar and bush / slip	Loosen / leakage (teared down) / corrosion	Tightened (decrease torque) and interference

Conditions for occurrence	Strange sound while going through uneven road / tough road
Parts	Strut / Shock absorber	Strut / Shock absorber	Strut / Shock absorber	Strut / Shock absorber
Trouble area
Type of strange sound	Rubbing noise	Clicking, Creaking noise	Rubbing noise	Clicking noise
Occurring area	Upper part	Upper part	Upper part (rear)	Upper part (rear)
Driving speed	15 - 25 ㎞/h (9.3 - 15.5 m/h)	15 - 25 ㎞/h (9.3 - 15.5 m/h)	15 - 40 ㎞/h (9.3 - 24.9 m/h)	30 - 50 ㎞/h (18.6 - 31.1 m/h)
Condition of road	Uneven road	Uneven road	Uneven road and tough road	Tough road
Reason	Friction sound from piston load and bumper rubber inner side	Rolled down bumper rubber (tapping sound of bumper rubber upper part and insulator under part)	Adhesion trouble of upper bracket rubber	Suspension tuning trouble (damping force, rubber characteristic)

Conditions for occurrence	Strange sound on uneven road	Strange sound while steering		Strange sound while driving
Parts	Lower arm "G" bush	Cross member bush	Strut bearing	Wheel / Hub bearing
Trouble area
Type of strange sound	Rubbing noise	Clicking noise	Clicking noise	Roaring noise
Occurring area	Under part	Under part	Upper part	Lower and side part
Driving speed	10 - 40 ㎞/h (6.2 - 24.9 m/h)	-	-	20 - 60 ㎞/h (12.4 - 37.3 m/h)
Condition of road	Bump / tough road	Even road	Even road	Even road
Reason	Dropped off / fallen off	Dropped off / fallen off	Grease leakage	Damaged from outer impact, foreign substance inflow

Wheel and tire diagnosis

Wheel /tire noise, vibration and harshness concerns are directly related to vehicle speed and are not generally affected by acceleration, coasting or deceleration. Also, out-of-balance wheel and tires can vibrate at more than one speed. A vibration that is affected by the engine rpm, or is eliminated by placing the transmission in Neutral is not related to the tire and wheel. As a general rule, tire and wheel vibrations felt in the steering wheel are related to the front tire and wheel assemblies. Vibrations felt in the seat or floor are related to the rear tire and wheel assemblies. This can initially isolate a concern to the front or rear.

Careful attention must be paid to the tire and wheels. There are several symptoms that can be caused by damaged or worn tire and wheel. Perform a careful visual inspection of the tires and wheel assemblies. Spin the tires slowly and watch for signs of lateral or radial runout. Refer to the tire wear chart to determine the tire wear conditions and actions

Wheel and tire diagnosis

Rapid wear at the center

Rapid wear at both shoulders

Wear at one shoulder

•	Center-tread down to fabric due to excessively over inflated tires

•	Lack of rotation

•	Excessive toe on drive wheels

•	Heavy acceleration on drive

•	Under-inflated tires

•	Worn suspension components

•	Excessive cornering speeds

•	Lack of rotation

•	Toe adjustment out of specification

•	Camber out of specification

•	Damaged strut

•	Damaged lower arm

Partial wear

Feathered edge

Wear pattern

•	Caused by irregular burrs on brake drums

•	Toe adjustment out of specification

•	Damaged or worn tie rods

•	Damaged knuckle

•	Excessive toe on non-drive wheels

•	Lack of rotation

Front Suspension System

Rear Suspension System - Couple Torsion Beam Axle

Rear Suspension System - Multi link

Tires/Wheels

Tire Pressure Monitoring System

Rear Hub - Carrier

Components and components location Components [Disc type - Couple Torsion Beam Axle] 1. Rear brake disc 2. Rear hub bearing 3. Dust cover 4. Ext ...

Front Suspension System

Components and components location Components 1. Strut assembly 2. Steering gear box 3. Lower arm 4. Sub frame 5. Sub frame stay 6. Stabilizer bar ...

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